This dye was obtained by the Egyptians from the shell-fish Carthamus tinctorius; and by the Hebrews from the Coccus ilicis, an insect which infests oak trees, called kermes by the Arabians.

This colour was early known (Genesis 38:28). It was one of the colours of the ephod (Exodus 28:6), the girdle (8), and the breastplate (15) of the high priest. It is also mentioned in various other connections (Joshua 2:18; 2 Samuel 1:24; Lamentations 4:5; Nahum 2:3). A scarlet robe was in mockery placed on our Lord (Matthew 27:28; Luke 23:11). "Sins as scarlet" (Isaiah 1:18), i.e., as scarlet robes "glaring and habitual." Scarlet and crimson were the firmest of dyes, and thus not easily washed out.

Noah Webster's New International Dictionary of the English Language

1. (n.) A deep bright red tinged with orange or yellow, -- of many tints and shades; a vivid or bright red color.

2. (n.) Cloth of a scarlet color.

3. (a.) of the color called scarlet; as, a scarlet cloth or thread.

4. (v. t.) To dye or tinge with scarlet.